All the chats in Arizona

Arizona is one of the fifty states that make up the United States of America. Its capital and most populated city is Phoenix. It is located in the western region of the country, the Rocky Mountains division. It limits to the north with Utah, to the northeast with Colorado, to the east with New Mexico, to the south with Sonora, and to the west with the Colorado River that separates it from California and Nevada. With 295,000 km² it is the sixth largest state, behind Alaska, Texas, California, Montana and New Mexico. It was the third longest to be admitted to the Union, on February 14,1912, as the 48th state, ahead of Alaska and Hawaii, the latest.

It is located in Aridoamérica and on the Sierra Madre Occidental, and through its territory runs the Colorado River that forms the famous Grand Canyon of the Colorado, north of the state. Its desert landscape and cactus are also famous. Much of Arizona has an arid or semi-arid climate. These regions receive less than 40 centimeters of rain per year, being very hot in summer and mild in winter. However, the mountainous regions of higher altitude have a more humid and cold climate. The majority of the state is sparsely populated: most of Arizona's population is concentrated in two urban centers: Phoenix, the fastest growing city in the United States, the largest city and capital of the state, and Tucson.

The nickname of Arizona is "the state of the Grand Canyon", because the north of the state is home to one of the best-known natural tourist attractions in the United States and the world, the Grand Canyon. Another nickname of Arizona is "the state of Cobre", which is due to the fact that it has large copper deposits, and it was already the largest national producer of this mineral. To this day, copper mining is an important source of income for Arizona. Thousands of years before the arrival of the first Europeans, indigenous peoples lived in the region where Arizona is currently located. Today there is still an important population: an estimated 280,000 Indians live in Arizona, spread across the many Indian reservations of the state. At first, Arizona was colonized by Spain, passing to Mexican control in 1821, when Mexico became independent from Spain.

In 1848, with the end of US intervention in Mexico, most of Arizona went to American hands. President Santa Anna of Mexico sold what would become the southern part of the State at the Venta de La Mesilla in 1853. On February 14,1912, Arizona became the last US territory within the 48 contiguous states to acquire the status status. Currently Arizona is at the center of the controversy since May 2010 approved the Arizona SB1070.5, the broadest and strictest law against illegal immigration in recent decades. This law has received national and international attention and has caused considerable controversy. Important representatives of the Government of the United States of America have described it as "a violation of civil rights","a type of apartheid" and have affirmed that "its application can force a differentiation based on ethnic reasons".