Amazonas is one of the thirty-two departments that, together with Bogotá, Distrito Capital, form the Republic of Colombia. Its capital is Leticia. It is located in the extreme south of the country, largely south of the equator, in the Amazon region. It limits the north with Caquetá and Vaupés, the east with Brazil, the south with Peru and the west with Putumayo. With 110 000 km² it is the most extensive department, with about 75 000 inhabitants in 2015, the fourth least populated -before Vichada, Vaupés and Guainía, the least populated- and with 0.68 inhabitants / km², the third least densely populated, ahead of Vichada and Guainía, the least densely populated. It is composed entirely of the territory of the Amazon Rainforest.
The southern portion of the department, south of the Putumayo River, is called the "Amazonian Trapeze," which includes the triple border of Colombia, Peru and Brazil, and its southern limit is the Amazon River.