Guantanamo is the easternmost province of Cuba. Its capital is the city of Guantánamo. The province borders the US naval base at Guantánamo Bay. It has an area of 6,176 km² and has a population of 511,116 inhabitants, of which 216,936 correspond to the capital. It occupies the tenth place among the provinces of the country by its extension and the eleventh by its population. In this region the relief with elevations predominates, towards the north and to the northeast the mountains of Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa with the predominant height in the Sierra del Curial, El Gato peak. Southwest part of the Sierra Maestra that alternates with valleys such as Guantanamo, Guaso and Sabanalamar.
The Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa mountains dominate the province, dividing both the climate and the landscape. The northern coast is the wettest region of the country, while the southern coast is the hottest. The main lagoon is La Salada and its largest reservoirs are La Yaya and Jaibo. The architecture of Guantánamo and its culture are different from those of the rest of Cuba. The province is only 80 km from Haiti at its closest point, through the Paso de los Vientos. Guantanamo also has a high number of immigrants and descendants from Jamaica, Haiti, Puerto Rico and the French, which is why many buildings are comparable to those in the French Quarter of New Orleans.