Ñeembucú is one of the seventeen departments that, together with Asunción, Distrito Capital, form the Republic of Paraguay. Its capital and most populated city is Pilar. It is located in the extreme southwest of the eastern region of the country, bounded on the north by Central, on the east by Paraguarí and Misiones, and on the south by the Paraná River that separates it from Argentina, and on the west by the Paraguay River, which also separates it from Argentina. With 88,784 habs.
In 2017 it is the third least populated department - ahead of Boquerón and Alto Paraguay, the least populated - and with 7.3 hab / km² it is the fourth least densely populated, ahead of Presidente Hayes, Boquerón and Alto Paraguay, the least densely populated.