Greenland in Danish: Grønland is a large island located in the northeastern part of North America, between the Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Glacial Ocean, politically constituted as an autonomous region belonging to the Kingdom of Denmark. More than 77% of its surface is covered with ice and is considered the largest island in the world. Its capital is Nuuk. Greenland has been inhabited, although not continuously, since the middle of the third millennium BC. C. For Amerindian peoples. In the year 986 its southern coast was colonized by populations of Nordic origin coming from Iceland, and in 1261 the Greenlanders accepted the Norwegian sovereignty on the island.
The Nordic occupation lasted until the beginning of the 15th century, declining possibly due to the Little Ice Age. At the beginning of the 18th century, Hans Egede reestablished contact with Greenland, becoming dependent on Denmark in 1814, after the dissolution of the Kingdom of Denmark and Norway. Since the Constitution of Denmark of 1953, Greenland is part of the Kingdom of Denmark with a relationship known as Rigsfællesskabet. In 1979, Denmark granted it autonomy and, in 2008, transferred most of the powers that the Danish government had to the local Greenland government. This transfer took effect the following year and left for Denmark the competences of foreign affairs, security and financial policy. It also granted Greenland an annual subsidy of 633 million dollars, which was 11 300 US dollars per capita.