All the chats in Spain

Spain, also called Kingdom of Spain, is a transcontinental country, member of the European Union, constituted as a social and democratic State of law and whose form of government is the parliamentary monarchy. Its territory, with capital in Madrid, is organized into seventeen autonomous communities, formed in turn by fifty provinces, and two autonomous cities. Spain is located as much to the south of Western Europe as in the north of Africa. In Europe, it occupies most of the Iberian peninsula, known as mainland Spain, and the Balearic Islands. In Africa there are the cities of Ceuta and Melilla, the Canary Islands, the Chafarinas Islands, the rock of Vélez de la Gomera, the Alhucemas Islands and the Alborán Island.

The municipality of Llivia, in the Pyrenees, is an enclave entirely surrounded by French territory. Complete the set of territories a series of islands and islets in front of the own peninsular coasts. It has an extension of 505 370 km², being the fourth largest country in the continent, after Russia, Ukraine and France, with an average altitude of 650 meters above sea level, it is one of the most mountainous countries in Europe. Its population is 47 007 367. The peninsular territory shares land borders with France and with Andorra to the north, with Portugal to the west and with the British territory of Gibraltar to the south. In its African territories, it shares land and sea borders with Morocco.

Share with France the sovereignty over the island of the Pheasants at the mouth of the Bidasoa River and five Pyrenean faceries. According to the Constitution, and according to article 3.1,"Castilian is the official Spanish language of the State. All Spaniards have the duty to know it and the right to use it."In 2012, it was the mother tongue of 82% of Spaniards According to article 3.2," the other Spanish languages ​​will also be official in the respective Autonomous Communities of according to its Statutes ». The gross domestic product places the Spanish economy in the thirteenth position in the world. Spain is a tourist power, it is the second most visited country in the world, with 82 million tourists in 2017, and the second country in the world in economic income from tourism.

It is also the eighth country in the world with the largest presence of multinationals, has a very high human development index, according to the 2017 report of the UN Development Program. The first confirmed presence of hominids of the genus Homo dates back 1.2 million years before the present, as evidenced by the discovery of a mandible of a Homo not yet classified in Atapuerca. C., there was the Roman intervention in the Peninsula, which led to a later conquest of what would later become Hispania. In the Middle Ages, the area was conquered by different Germanic peoples and by the Muslims, reaching a presence for just over seven centuries. It is not until s. XV d.

C., with the dynastic union of Castile and Aragon and the culmination of the Reconquest, together with the subsequent annexation of Navarre, when one can speak of the foundation of Spain, as it was recognized abroad., the Spanish monarchs dominated the first global overseas empire, which encompassed territories on five continents, leaving a vast cultural and linguistic heritage on the globe. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, after successive wars in Spanish America, it lost most of its territories in America, increasing this situation with the disaster of 98. During this century, there would also be a war against the French invader, a series of civil wars, a ephemeral republic replaced again by a constitutional monarchy and the process of modernization of the country. In the first third of the 20th century, a constitutional republic was proclaimed.

A failed military coup led to the outbreak of a civil war, whose end gave way to the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, ended with the death of this in 1975, when a transition to democracy began, whose climax was the writing, ratification in referendum and promulgation of the 1978 Constitution, which advocates freedom, justice, equality and political pluralism as superior values ​​of the legal system.