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Andrew Jackson was an American statesman, seventh president of the United States. Jackson was born at the end of the colonial era somewhere on the unmarked border of North Carolina and South Carolina. He came from a newly emigrated Scottish and Irish middle-income family. During the War of Independence of the United States, he served as a messenger to the revolutionaries. At the age of 13 he was captured and mistreated by the English, which makes him the only American president who has been a prisoner of war. Later he became a lawyer. He was also elected to the congressional office, first to the House of Representatives and twice to the Senate.

In 1801, Jackson was named colonel in the Tennessee militia, a place that became his political base as well as his military base. He owned hundreds of slaves who worked on his farm known as "Hermitage Plantation." In 1806 he killed a man in a duel over a matter of honor involving his wife Rachel. He became famous nationally through the role he played in the Anglo-American War of 1812, when he won a major victory against a British invasion at the Battle of New Orleans although the Treaty of Ghent had already been signed, something unknown to everyone involved in the battle. In response to the conflict with the Seminole people in Spanish Florida, it invaded the territory in 1818.

This was the direct cause of the First Seminole War and the Treaty of Adams-Onís of 1819, the which transferred Florida from Spain to the United States. After being elected to the Senate, Jackson decided to enter the presidential election of 1824. Although he won more electoral votes in addition to the popular vote than the other three opponents, he lost in the House of Representatives to John Quincy Adams, supposedly for a "corrupt deal" between Adams and Speaker of the House of Representatives Henry Clay, who was also a candidate. Jackson supporters then founded what became the Democratic Party. He entered the election of 1828 against Adams. Using his influence from the West and with new support from Virginia and New York, he won with a landslide victory. He blamed the death of his wife Rachel on Adams supporters, who had called her a bigamist.

As president, Jackson faced the threat of secession from South Carolina by the "Abomination Rate" law, which had been passed by the Adams administration. In contrast to several of his immediate successors, he denied the state the right to secede from the Union and the right to nullify a federal law. The nullification crisis subsided when the law was changed and Jackson threatened South Carolina with military action if the state tried to secede. In anticipation of the 1832 elections, the Congress, led by Henry Clay, attempted to reauthorize the Second Bank of the United States four years before its title expired. Keeping his word to decentralize the economy, Jackson vetoed the renewal of the title, something that jeopardized his re-election. But in explaining his decision as an ombudsman against rich bankers, he could easily defeat Clay in the election that year.

He effectively dismantled the bank by the time his title was won in 1836. His struggles with Congress were personified in the personal rivalry he had with Clay, who was upset by Jackson and who ran the opposition from the newly created Whig Party. The presidency of Jackson marked the beginning of the ascendancy of the "spoil system" in American politics. He is also known for having signed the "Indian Removal Act" law that relocated a number of native tribes to the southern region of Indian territory. Jackson supported the successful campaign of his vice president Martin Van Buren for the presidency in 1836. He worked to empower the Democratic Party and helped his friend James K. Polk to win the 1844 election.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jackson

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